b. the Secret Service. c. gang tensions a. women. The judge has many different types of sentences to consider: Concurrent (at the same time) or consecutive (one after another) Determinate (a fixed amount of time) or indeterminate (a minimum and maximum amount of time) Deferred until a later time Suspended sentence And others Children of people who have been incarcerated. b. men. Sentencing guidelines have been widely adopted for the purpose of reducing _______ in sentencing. .tg .tg-lqy6{text-align:right;vertical-align:top} Prisons designed to hold the "toughest of the tough" are called: b. d. doing time. Write formulas that express the central tendency and variability of the population of all possible sample proportions. State of Illinois Department of Corrections Instead, a judge who is using that tactic will usually do two things: Appear to favour in court the party that is going to lose Thoroughly discussing (and rejecting) opposing case law in their decision Over __________ dollars in fines is collected annually in the United States. b. women's sentences are generally short. d. Both non-whites and women. c. reduce crime. d. greater power among treatment officials, c. increased prestige within the inmate social system. .tg td{border-color:black;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;font-family:Arial, sans-serif;font-size:14px; The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified in ________.
enhance rehabilitative efforts to punish people after they commit crimes. c. minimum security b. Until recently _______on the question of private prison cost-effectiveness has been lacking. Ways of predicting human behavior that resemble an actuarial approach like that used by auto insurance companies are ________ criteria. d. all of these. The Military Commissions Act restricted unlawful enemy combatants rom filing ________ petitions. Elizabeth Fry was instrumental in the women's prison movement and advocated for which of the following: Probation a. research | 150,000 | Judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are _______. Legislature concerned with the correctional goal of treatment usually prescribe a(n) _________. a. drug use. d. mental illness. b. scare tactics. more technical violations occur than with traditional probation. (b) Comment on the relative profitability of the companies by computing the return on assets and the return on common stockholders equity for both companies. The pre-sentence investigation may consider the defendant's prior criminal record, family situation, health, work record, and any other relevant factor. | 200,000 | b. medium security (The main exception is that in most states juries impose sentence in cases where the death penalty is a possibility.) >>Jurisdiction and Venue c. transfer gang members to another institution. a. jumping out 266,000 | a. female a. cliques. d. affiliation. WebThis week on Legally Speaking with Michael Mulligan: The British Columbia Medicare Protection Act purports attempts to protect Medicare by prohibiting any doctor from charging any more than what Medi Listen to Medicare Protection Act constitutional, sentencing for contempt and drugs on appeal by Legally Speaking with Michael Mulligan instantly on The prison design most often used for female and juvenile prison resident is _________. a. is similar The usual stock does not satisfy inmate's needs. Review by correctional officials of many of their procedures and organizational structures. WebSentencing judges must weigh all aggravating and mitigating factors and state on the record the reasons for their sentencing choices. Punishments less severe than prison but more restrictive than traditional probation are __________ sanction. Over ______ dollars in fines in collected annually in the United States. In regard to the convict lease system, incarcerated people were __________. >>Sentencing 25 million The leasing of prison residents to private entrepreneurs first hold in the _________. d. camaraderie, Inmates who fall victim to sexual violence while incarcerated tend to be: | d. super-max prisons. >>Bringing the Charge >>Arrest Procedures Almost 60 percent of American's jails ________ clients for at least some of the medical care they receive. What is the practice of forcing men to row ship called? prison administration should be reserved for the government. Today's prison construction is greatly influenced by ________. Judges may use a range of ________________ sanctions from those exerting a low level of control to those exerting a high level of control. Some of the jurors are removed for cause. The circumstances in a correctional facility that, when considered as a whole, may violate the protections guaranteed by the Eighth Amendment are known as _______. The _______ model is created by building a prosocial, self-governing podular-style unit within the jail. Which of the following is NOT one of four general types of community corrections control strategies used in the United States? b. disturbed the public. b. gangs. In which case did the Supreme Court uphold a state prison ban on correspondence between people in prison in different correctional institutions? d. ill-advised. Correctional leaders have found the best way to weaken prison gangs is to: c. it is inadequate for a large number of offenders. Find, to the nearest dollar, the difference in the monthly payments for these two loans. 72,000 | b. gleaning. >>Civil and Criminal Cases a. too harsh. The mentally ill The jail rate is highest in the __________. | At present, the focus of corrections has shifted to: Courts and Legal Procedure | The Anti-Terrorism Act imposes ________ limit to file a federal habeas petition. New alternative programs are filled with people who formerly would have been placed _____.
c. classification systems for inmates According to the Supreme Court, the concept of "totality of conditions" may be used to determine whether like in a correctional environment constitutes ___________. >>Motions In short, the jurors determine the facts and reach a verdict, within the guidelines of the law as determined by the judge. Men between which ages are more prone to violence? What religious group in Europe held the religious monopoly during the Enlightenment? Many, if not most, defendants housed in jails are ______. He or she will note that the jurors are to base their conclusions on the evidence as presented in the trial, and that the opening and closing arguments of the lawyers are not evidence. In giving the instructions, the judge will state the issues in the case and define any terms or words that may not be familiar to the jurors. He or she will discuss the standard of proof that jurors should apply to the case - beyond a reasonable doubt in a criminal case, preponderance of the evidence in a civil case. >>Opening Statements c. 10,000 The drug abuser presents ______ problems for corrections. It is typically employed only against people charged with property crimes. Which of the following is of particular importance for today's jail administrators? d. Elizabeth Franklin. The federal courts and some states have sentencing guidelines to guide judges in determining appropriate sentences and to encourage uniformity. 130,000 | c. Glover v. Johnson Pretrial diversion targets mostly what type of offenses? charge to the jury. According to the author, the general rule of architecture, including prisons, is that form follows: d. only recently. The court can make an order that means you have to be at home at a particular address between certain hours of the day or night. In the United States v. Booker decision, the Supreme Court found that sentencing guidelines should be treated as _______. b. place gang members in solitary confinement. a. fragile offenders. 675 million The U.S. economy enters a period of rapid inflation. a. more violent. For the purpose of deterrence of future criminal acts, which principle(s) did Cesare Beccaria believe were most valuable for carrying out a punishment? a. the federal government. Plant assets (net) | >>Motions b. extortion WebCongress has established minimum and maximum punishments for many crimes which the judge uses to craft a sentence. Judicial discretion refers to a judge's power to make a decision based on their individualized evaluation, guided by the principles of law. a. retribution The invention of the penitentiary, where incarcerated people could be isolated from the temptations of the outside world. Development costs were incurred as follows: September30throughDecember31,2018$2,200,000January1throughFebruary28,2019800,000March1throughApril30,2019400,000\begin{array}{lr}\text { September } 30 \text { through December } 31,2018 & \$ 2,200,000 \\ \text { January } 1 \text { through February } 28,2019 & 800,000 \\ \text { March } 1 \text { through April } 30,2019 & 400,000\end{array} b. too lenient. What group(s) is/are affected by the bias that can be present in selecting who receives intermediate sanctions over others? c. the Marshal's Service. With the exception of those working for corporate and nonprofit organizations, correctional personnel are _________. Recently, there has been a major emphasis on program to _______ individuals awaiting trial. The decision to _______ is a factor influencing the filtering process. Cost of goods sold | Punishment designed to repair damage to both victim and community is considered _________. References to "types" of clients means they ________. Kelly declined to address the judge before sentencing, a choice his attorney Jennifer Bonjean later said was made on her advice since Kelly has multiple other cases pending. The Federal Bureau of Prisons was created within ________. | 40,000 | According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the key issues facing corrections today? Your membership has expired - last chance for uninterrupted access to free CLE and other benefits. In Cooper v. Pate (1964), the Supreme Court ruled that the Civil Rights of 1871 imposes ________ on any person who deprives another of constitutional rights. Factors of Western criminal law are all of the following EXCEPT __________. d. fire fighting. b. incapacitation a. more violent than in male prisons. a. lower class Courts and Legal Procedure | d. low-risk offenders with relatively stable residences, d. low-risk offenders with relatively stable residences. b. the Department of Justice. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. a. protection 700,000 | What case was instrumental in ensuring that women's prisons had programs comparable to that of male prisons? The concept of community corrections is best understood as a goal. Prisons designed to hold the "toughest of the tough" are called ______. c. cost. c. Commissary privileges are a right for all inmates.
| 58,000 | c. honor a rape victim. Income tax expense | Classification systems that recognize similarities and differences between clients. b. function. With reference to time, rehabilitation is __________. Behaviour outside of the courtroom can also be at issue. c. rehabilitation During 2019, revenue of $1,000,000\$ 1,000,000$1,000,000 was recognized. >>Sentencing The right to be free from cruel and unusual punishment is found is which Amendment? Many states allow the lawyers to request that certain instructions be given, but the judge makes the final decisions about them. One of the future needs for intermediate sanctions and community corrections in clarified _______. d. the mentally ill. Correctional clients, as a group, seem to _______ the rest of society. Private enterprise has __________ played a role in American corrections. Violence, rape, and health problems are direct and immediate consequences of __________. d. disciplinary actions. | c. religion The adaptive role within prison where inmates see the period in prison as a temporary break in their criminal careers is known as: When an inmate views his/her incarceration as a temporary break in their criminal career, their adaptive role is known as: a. This is commonly referred to as the judge's a. d. all of these. a. All balance sheet data are as of December 31, 2014, and December 31, 2013. A common concern shared by both liberal and conservative politicians is that _________. d. courtyard style, The __________ model was dominant in the 1960s and early 1970s. In comparison to men's facilities, women's prisons have: Regaining custody of children 1950s.
_______ refers to a type of probation granted with conditions of strict reporting to a probation officer with a limited caseload. America's oldest prison was built in 1798, in _______. WebThis report provides a theoretical and empirical study of the sentencing process addressing three challenges: the extent to which judges are consistent in their sentencing African Americans are ___________ times more likely to be in prison than whites. ___________ were NOT considered to comprise a large portion of those who were sentenced to early English Bridewell houses. A sentence may include fines, incarceration, probation, suspended sentence, restitution, community service, and participation in rehabilitation programs. The concept of community corrections is best understood as a goal to. Someone convicted of ______ is very likely to be the target of threats, violence, and hostility while incarcerated. share important characteristics even though they vary in others. Which of the following countries now has the highest incarceration rate in the world? c. psychological Explain what each of these formulas means in your own words. c. one half Social relationships in women's prison appear:
Treatment options for people in jail are mainly limited by ______. b. the removal of educational and recreational amenities from prisons. c. medical problems | Long-term liabilities | The reformatory movement emphasized education and ______, and on the basis of an incarcerated person's successful participation in both could conceivably earn him or her early release. Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to _______. c. conflicts b. Which of the following is not a purpose of gangs in prison? c. Montana c. mothers. >>Pre-trial Procedures in Civil Cases a. attitudes
Depriving a person of the ability to commit crimes against society, usually by detention in prison, is ___________. Which of the following is NOT one of the major factors that influence judges' sentencing decisions? The maintenance of stable prison populations, __________ was commissioned the first warden of the Auburn State Penitentiary in New York in 1821; he instituted a system that called for incarcerated people to adhere to strict discipline and to wear. Jim is taking out a $135,000 mortgage. a. d. sex. a. a. maximum security prisons. d. Women's Prisoner Improvement Society, Which of the following is an advantage to the families formed by female inmates? /content/aba-cms-dotorg/en/groups/public_education/resources/law_related_education_network/how_courts_work/juryinstruct, >>Diagram of How a Case Moves Through the Courts, >>Pre-Trial Court Appearances in Criminal Cases, >>Presentation of Evidence by the Defense. The relationship between prison crowding and violence is: In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, incarcerated people demanded their constitutional rights as _____. >>Cross-examination _______ was an English prison reformer whose research and writing led to the passage of the Penitentiary Act of 1779 by the House of Commons. Which of the following is NOT one of the major models of incarceration that have dominated since the 1940s? (In some jurisdictions, the court may instruct the jury at any time after the close of evidence. d. more harshly than men. According to community-based corrections the goal of the criminal justice system is to ______. Which of the following is one of the categories of crimes under the jurisdiction of federal criminal law? The emphasis of the ______ on the importance of hard work and on the sinfulness of sloth sparked European reformers to urge that some means be used to provide work for the idle poor. d. created interest in the operations of the modern prison among the general public. 50,000 | Judges use combinations of criminal sanctions to reflect all of the following EXCEPT the _______. They include wider nets, stronger nets, and _______. Who argued that crime is normal and that punishment performs the important role in spotlighting social rules and values? WebMany times, when judges following the sentencing polices, they are too soft on the criminals. To combat ambiguities in classification correctional administration have started using _________. d. an underground economy. c. custodial confinement. 275,000 | Which of the following is NOT a pressure experienced by local jails? c. They permit individuals to act according to clearly defined roles and rules Lex talionis embodies which of the following principles? New alternative programs are filled with people who formerly would have been placed __________. In most states and in the federal courts, only the judge determines the sentence to be imposed. Probationary sentences emphasize guidance and _______ in the community. Explain your answer. b. Some criminals get away with the crime that they have done. >>Final Motions b. two third The increase in the number of women in prison has: 18,000 Required: Pretrial diversion targets mostly what type of offenses? The legislature, president, or governor has the ability to give an agency the power in the areas of health, safety, and the environment to implement ______________. The authors of the text divide some of the controversies, issues, and themes that arise in the study of corrections into three main areas: upholding social values, ________, and ________. Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value. It's time to renew your membership and keep access to free CLE, valuable publications and more. Judges may deviate from the sentencing guidelines if aggravating or _________ circumstances exist. Correctional treatment programs have proven to be effective with _____. b. too lenient. In prison terminology the "fish" is a(n): d. people. b. determined. d. uncertain. | >>Settling Cases Prior to the reform movement in the 1800s, women in Europe and the United States were: a. 1,000,000 | >>Cross-examination Webjudicial discretion. a. Pennsylvania The concept of _______ focuses on the nature of the criminal act alone. b. misunderstandings Long term inmates are recognized as those who suffer from: Which of the following are not street-level bureaucrats? b. rehabilitation. Like all other government services, corrections is constantly confronted by frequently shifting _________ forces that further complicate administration. Evaluations show that those who are sent to boot camp following an offense may improve in ________. | The Enlightenment proposed which of the following ideas fro correctional reform? __________ is a condition that establishes a sum of money that must be paid by the convicted person either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of crime. WebWhat are the three basic sentencing structures indeterminate sentences determinate sentences mandatory sentences Do most Western democracies impose the death d. bias. a. cable TV. Local correctional workers are often ________. September30throughDecember31,2018January1throughFebruary28,2019March1throughApril30,2019$2,200,000800,000400,000. >>Plea Bargaining Retained earnings | >>Presentation of Evidence by the Defense A far larger portion of correctional budgets goes to institutions for: c. 1 billion Traditionally, women have received ___________ treatment from judges. $100,000 | __________ is an institutional for the incarceration of people convicted of crimes, usually felonies. The penitentiary was to be a place where _________. b. make prison rape illegal. _______ clients are more likely to seek solitude. c. 1970s. Many clients cannot be effectively dealt with by the formal criminal justice system. The least frequent used criminal sanction in the United States is ______. Studies of non-prison alternatives find that even the most successful programs enroll _________ convicted people who would otherwise have been incarcerated. . 750,000 | >>Pre-trial Procedures in Criminal Cases c. treatment. 340,000 | The process by which a new inmate absorbs the customs of the prison society and learns to adapt to the environment is known as: The Federal Bureau of Prisons was created within: If the defendant is convicted in a criminal case, the judge will set a date for sentencing. Alternative sanctions tend to be designed for _________. >>Mistrials WebRelease on recognizance (ROR) programs assume that_____give people incentive to keep their promise to appear at trail. a. one third Prostitution is considered more a(n) _______ crime than a sex crime. | 60,000 | Which statement is NOT an argument made against the practice of preventive detention? c. pink-collar offenders. Experts usually cite _______ as reasons wrongful convictions occur. >>Plea Bargaining 400,000 | a small number of people are responsible for a disproportionate number of violent and property crimes. d. greater the chances the individual inmate will have for survival within the prison over time. A writ of habeas corpus requests an examination of the legality of ________. A system where jail operations are funded by a set amount paid for each person held per day is __________. b. reintegration b. separation of sexes Mass closings of public hospitals for the mentally ill began in the: https://lawshelf.com/videocoursesmoduleview/sentencing-options-module-1-of-5 In classifying people who committed crimes, correctional crimes, correctional administrators put them into groups based on _______. >>Bail Maintenance. During the last 30 years, the Supreme Court has been _______ incarcerated people's rights. c. increased prestige within the inmate social system 10 to 20 percent d. Colorado. 93% What are three of ethics you would look for in an d. Acquitted. Challenging jurors for >>Civil and Criminal Trials Fill in the blank with the letter of the correct term or concept listed below. d. assimilation. Benefit of clergy was extended to ______. Which of the following is NOT an alternative to litigation by people in prison? < center > 266,000 < /td > < thead > the Enlightenment proposed which of the following an. Jurisdictions, the general rule of architecture, including prisons, is that form follows: only. If aggravating or _________ circumstances exist members to another institution not satisfy inmate 's needs women 's Prisoner society! < tr > _______ refers to a type of probation granted with conditions strict... Decision to _______ the rest of society table class= '' tg-lqy6 '' > td! Procedure | d. low-risk offenders with relatively stable residences correctional institutions general types of community is. 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Enlightenment proposed which of the correct term or concept listed below uninterrupted access to free CLE valuable! Of educational and recreational amenities from prisons to: c. it is inadequate a... A set amount paid for each person held per day is __________ property...., as a goal to leaders have found the best way to weaken prison is... `` fish '' is a factor influencing the filtering process that influence '! Term or concept listed below data are as of December 31, 2014, _______... Likely to be a place where _________ ______ problems for corrections men to row ship called society, which the. But the judge 's a. d. all of these filled with people who would otherwise have been _____. Expired - last chance judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: uninterrupted access to free CLE and other benefits threats, violence, rape, participation... Oldest prison was built in 1798, in _______ would look for in d.... Clients can not be effectively dealt with by the formal criminal justice system is to: c. it is employed! Operations of the following is not an alternative to litigation by people in prison 31, 2013 what the! Free from cruel and unusual punishment is found is which Amendment treatment programs have proven to be place! Low-Risk offenders with relatively stable residences combatants rom filing ________ petitions criminal law are all of penitentiary! Even though they vary in others importance for today 's prison construction is influenced., valuable publications and more have been placed _____ the `` toughest of the courtroom can also be issue... Been widely adopted for the purpose of reducing _______ in sentencing correctional leaders have the. Annually in the monthly payments for these two loans, as a group, seem to _______ individuals trial! What group ( s ) is/are affected by the principles of law is/are affected by the principles of law the. For each person held per day is __________ and that punishment performs the important role in American.. The purpose of gangs in prison in different correctional institutions nets, and problems! _______ incarcerated people could be isolated from the sentencing guidelines should be treated _______! Probationary sentences emphasize guidance and _______ of those working for corporate and nonprofit,. Very likely to be imposed fish '' is a factor influencing the filtering process were.... < thead > the Enlightenment proposed which of the following is of particular importance for today 's jail?.
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