McGregor identified that people act according to their premises and assumptions. Douglas McGregor, one of Maslow 's students, influenced the study of motivation with his formulation of two contrasting sets of assumptions about human nature Theory X and Theory Y. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website and provide a relevant marketing for you. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Employees must be present from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. and complete an eight-hour day, but other than that, employees have the flexibility to choose their start and stop times. 3. job enhancement Herzberg's two-factor theory focused on the environment where work is done. Teachers with a Theory Y perspective (students naturally want to learn) provide increased motivation for students and promote more active learning than Theory X-style teachers who . Guha starts a new job as a programmer at a telecommunications company. In this way, the manager will change their management style into a participative or decentralized style to instill higher self-belief in their team members. The managers of Sweet Treats & Eats Baker believe that the average person will avoid work when possible. Please use it as such. There is a theory also working for employee motivation called - Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory. Herzberg's motivational factors. Theory X, Theory Y. The explanation: Its not just technology, business models, products, and services that evolve, but so do people. Physical and mental effort at work is as natural as leisure or rest. Mr. McGregor postulated 2 theories on human management and leadership which are Theory X and Theory Y. As such, it is these higher-level needs through which employees can best be motivated. (2022) 'Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory'. IvyPanda. Both of them refer to a new style of management and human motivation. O. C. Ferrell. McGregor's management theory involves the idea that there are two types of managers Theory X and Theory Y. Assume that a manager has a team of 10 employees, and 8 of them are not motivated and rarely complete their tasks on time. McGregor's X-Y theory is a salutary and simple reminder of the natural rules for managing people, which under the pressure of day-to-day business are all too easily forgotten. 5. ideal for all companies. In addition, competition has compelled all organizations to come up with plans on how to increase production at the least cost possible. 3. Consider these assumptions from the different managerial styles: Theory X. 26. option C is correct. McGregors X and Y Theories are contrasting theories that depict two different aspects of human behavior at work. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Now, Diego focuses on being the best he can be. Aliyah is likely to assume that: Pink and Maslow are well known, and so isDouglas Murray McGregors Theory X and Y, and thats what we want to dig into today. 5. Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business McGregor's theory introduced two different management theories based on human motivation, Theory X and Theory Y. Herzberg's hygiene factors. Most human beings are not very fond of working and will avoid completing a task. 3. Businessballs Ltd assumes no responsibility for any errors or damages arising as a result of use. 3. by incorporating motivational factors, such as opportunity for achievement 2. self-actualization needs The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. 4. extrinsic motivation They led to companies providing better physical work All of the following are ways to retain good employees except: Students have large amounts of creative thinking and innovation that is applied throughout their learning journey. It improves the ability to recruit and retain workers who wish to balance work and home life. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a1155d291d2925622a07c4cb35dcd7be" );document.getElementById("jcdce23a82").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Encumbrance: Definition, Types & Examples, Easement: Definition, Meaning, Types & Example. Instead of punishing the employee or associating a reward with work, the manager will allow them to collaborate with others and find solutions that fulfill the team members self-actualization, self-esteem, and social needs. 2. 5. flextime. Its important to us that we challenge our assumptions frequently. Theory X and Theory Y describe two very different attitudes toward workforce motivation. Workers need consistent rewards and punishments to ensure their task is completed. student. 2. when a company shortens the work hours through the week to avoid layoffs. In his 1960 book, The Human Side of Enterprise, McGregor proposed two theories by which managers perceive and address employee motivation. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. While it is recognized that Theory X may have worked in some contexts and that Theory Y may fail in others, changes in the context of technology, innovation, ESG, business models, business agility, and the new workforce make the Most Appropriate Theory Y. Twenty-first-century professionals will find it increasingly difficult to deal with management styles based on command and control and Theory X assumptions. McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to: How much people are willing to contribute to an organization depends on their assessment of the fairness, or equity, of the rewards they will receive in exchange. Definition: The Theory X and Theory Y are the theories of motivation given by Douglas McGregor in 1960's. These theories are based on the premise that management has to assemble all the factors of production, including human beings, to get the work done. Identify what the employee lacks and their working style to employ the right theory that will motivate them in the right direction. Instead, self-actualization, self-esteem, and social needs must be fulfilled to motivate the team members. McGregor showedat a time when labor-management relations were becoming more adversarialthat there was another way to view workers and leadership. Theory X is a traditional model of motivation and management. 4. Which of the following is stated by the expectancy theory? Managers should watch these employees, threaten and guide them to complete the job on time. Identify which of McGregor's Theory X or Theory Y corresponds with the following statement: 1. Workers are happy to contribute and feel internally satisfied. Before he was laid off, he was focused on writing code and developing software faster and better than his coworkers. Students prefer to have the instructor direct their learning and not take on that responsibility themselves. If we take as an example extrinsic (X) and intrinsic (Y) motivations and their context dependence. Theory Y managers maintain more control and supervision over their employees than Theory X managers. Douglas McGregor. Workers do not need to be micromanaged; they are self-directed. 3. B. Frederick llerzberg. He subscribes to Theory X. Theory Y is McGregor's other modem view of the nature of man. 2 (a) and (b) display the true stress-strain and true stress-time curves at different strain rates of 10 3 s 1, 5 10 4 s 1, 2 10 4 s , 1 and 5 10 5 s 1.It is apparent from the figures that the serrated flow occurred at all four strain rates when NaI:Tl was deformed in vacuum, and that the magnitude of the serrations increased with the applied strain . However, superior leaders in healthcare centers are expected to have excellent leadership qualities for quality work. Motivation is a topic that is being discussed more and more as the world continues to change at an exponential rate. D. Herz berg's motivational factors. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. 25. option A is correct Theory Y clarifies that through the right organizational environment, the development of human resources is much more optimized and can be better used. A goal A step-by-step guide on applying both theories in a working environment is given below. They marked the beginning of a concern for human relations in the workplace. A)the traditional view of management.B)the humanistic view of management.C)Herzberg's hygiene factors.D)Herzberg's motivational factors.E)the equity theory. First, all managers have a theory of human work motivation. Herzberg's hygiene factors. Each assumes that the manager's role is to organize resources, including people, to best benefit the company. Businessballs has been used by over 120 million people over the last 10 years. Selena's work schedule is an example of: Theory X, Theory Y by Douglas McGregor is a motivation theory. Theory Y. McGregor's Theory X corresponds to: A. the traditional view of management. In managing his employees, he is most likely to: 1. 1. job rotation. 2. McGregors X and Y Theories was developed by social psychologist Douglas McGregor in the 1960s. 5. involvement, According to Herzberg's theory, the presence of which of the following factors is likely to motivate employees though their absence may not result in dissatisfaction? Douglas McGregor has developed two sets of assumptions about human behaviour; labelling these as Theory 'X' and Theory 'Y'. However, McGregor asserts that neither approach is appropriate, since the basic assumptionsof Theory X are incorrect. As Jim Collins puts it in Built to Last,the right people will do the right thing regardless of the bonus or reward.. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. The first part of McGregors theory is Theory X. Turn your workplace into a happy workplace! Operant conditioning A. physiological and security needs B. security and social needs C. social and esteem needs D. esteem and self-actualization needs E. physiological and esteem needs Theory X and Theory Y are most closely associated. IvyPanda, 11 May 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. Businesses who utilize a Theory X approach often have multiple levels of management with a low rate of delegation. Avoiding confrontation (unless you are genuinely being bullied, which is a different matter) and delivering results are key tactics. Students are not motivated to learn new information. 4. McGregor's Theory X perspective. Theory X and Theory Y suggest two aspects of human behavior at work. 5. the average worker prefers to be directed. Theory X . This is an incorrect collective assumption. McGregor's Theory X/Y (1957; 1960/1985; 1966; 1967), one of the most famous theories of motivation and leadership, has had a profound effect on managerial thinking over the past fifty years. Employees are motivated by self-control and not external control. She views her company favorably, and she enjoys working with her colleagues. The Theory X management style is based on a pessimistic view of human nature and assumes the following: The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if possible. 1. Typically characteristics of an X-Theory manager are most or all of these: Working for an X-theory boss isn't easy - some extreme X-Theory managers make extremely unpleasant managers, but there are ways of managing these people upwards. Allowing some employees to work at home part-time is: B)the humanistic view of management. E. the equity theory. Theory X and Theory Y were part of McGregor's philosophy of management, which represented a fundamental change in management thought and practice. Most people are not ambitious, have little desire for responsibility, and prefer to be directed. Theory X . A. physiological and security needs B. security and social needs C. social and esteem needs D. esteem and self-actualization needs E. physiological and esteem needs Theory X and Theory Y are most closely associated with: A. Frederick Taylor. Theory X managers focus on the high-level needs, while Theory Y managers focus on the low-level needs. We are hiring! 2. job rotation 3. ignore the security needs of his employees. 5. reduces the total number of hours that employees work. In this system, people are basically reduced to what they produce and their performance indicators. 3. 4. the traditional view of management. Curiously titled Theory X Theory Y, his theory outlines two opposing views on human behavior in the workplace.Each of the viewpoints addresses a different way of meeting each individual's motivational needs. Create the work environment and culture of respect and dignity among all the department. He established the two contrasting theories to understand a managers beliefs regarding employee motivation and its effect on management style. Theory Y managers believe that the average worker prefers to be directed, while Theory X managers believe that people will exercise self-direction and self-control to achieve objectives to which they are committed. Please note that Theory Z is not a Mcgregor idea and as such is not Mcgregor's extension of his XY theory. McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to the humanistic view of management The field of human relations has become increasingly important over the years as businesses strive to understand how to do all of the following EXCEPT boost company sales. 4. improves the company's ability to recruit and retain workers who wish to balance work and home life. must. 2. Under these conditions, people will seek responsibility. Maslow believes that higher level needs can be met through a . 2. Did you have an idea for improving this content? 1. Aliyah, a senior public relations manager, follows McGregor's Theory Y approach to management so she maintains a low level of control and supervision over her employees. 4. working condition Most people are gullible and unintelligent. And how does Management 3.0 come into play? Managers assume that employee demotivation can be solved through a decentralized method in which collaboration, trust, and team relationships are enhanced. Theory Y. Nathaniel Hawthorne. There are many similarities between Theory X Theory Y and Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. Douglas McGregor related Maslow's ideas about personal needs to management. McGregor recognized that some people may not have reached the level of maturity assumed by Theory Y and may initially need tighter controlsthat can be relaxed as the employee develops. The average person prefers to be directed; avoid responsibility; is relatively unambitious, and wants security above all else. The healthcare industry also requires leaders and that is why we have a Nursing-officer-in charge or an in-charge physician in all healthcare centers. B. the humanistic view of management.C. D. Herzberg's motivational factors. The financial incentive does not motivate all employees. Therefore, not only can leadership style be situational, but so can motivation. May 11, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. 4. the traditional view of management. The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if he/she can. 3. McGregor created Theory X based on Maslow's lower needs on the hierarchy of needs model (food, water, necessities). Employees prefer making decisions themselves and also solving problems creatively. In industry, the intellectual potential of the average person is only partly utilised. D. Herzberg's motivational factors. His theory is based on managerial views of human beings. "Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory." candidate's answer in order to merit the assigned marks. Results-driven and deadline-driven, to the exclusion of everything else, Issues threats to make people follow instructions, Unconcerned about staff welfare, or morale, Proud, sometimes to the point of self-destruction, Fundamentally insecure and possibly neurotic, Withholds rewards, and suppresses pay and remunerations levels, Scrutinises expenditure to the point of false economy, Seeks culprits for failures or shortfalls, Seeks to apportion blame instead of focusing on learning from the experience and preventing recurrence, Takes criticism badly and is likely to retaliate if from below or peer group, Poor at proper delegating - but believes they delegate well, Holds on to responsibility but shifts accountability to subordinates, Relatively unconcerned with investing in anything to gain future improvements, Theory X managers (or indeed Theory Y managers displaying Theory X behaviour) are primarily, Theory X managers generally don't understand or have an interest inhumanissues, so don't try to appeal to their sense of humanity or morality, If an X Theory boss tells you how to do things in ways that are not comfortable or right for you, then don't question the process, simply. 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